Automobile lock



Dec. 3, 1935. v. L. GILPIN 2,022,958

AUT OMOB I LE LOCK Filed Feb. 19, 1954 5 66 INVENTOR 2 5, i WITNES E56 @1154 I` 7 BY @www f w "0 hi.; awa/M @m7 mf J6 4142 45 7 ATToRNEY/? Patented Dec. 3, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AUTOMOBILE LOCK Maryland Application February 19, 1934, Serial No. 712,047

22 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in locks, for example of the type used on motor vehicles, although its principles are adaptable to locks for other purposes, and its objects are as follow:-

First, to provide an automobile lock in which the lock bolt is movable into locking and unlocking positions solely by a manually operable locking lever.

Second, to combine with a lock of the above description, a key-operated plug with a pin (offcentered in this case) for the purpose of securing said bolt in the locking and unlocking positions after said bolt has been moved into said positions by the locking lever.

Third, to provide the foregoing key-operated plug with off-center and center pins respectively for the purpose of securing the lock bolt in its locking and unlocking positions and of dogging the lock bolt against premature movement to the locking position by the locking lever.

Fourth, to supplement the key passage of any known lock plug with a pin, or its equivalent, for the purpose of so obstructing the passage in the absence of the key as to make picking diiflcult and under ordinary circumstances virtually impossible.

Fifth, to supplement a known key plug with a pin which is normally spring pressed inwardly of the plug and projected out of the plug only upon the insertion of the key, said pin having at least two main purposes first to cause closure of a starter or other circuit upon its projection from the plug by the insertion of the key, second, to so obstruct the k ey passage upon withdra wal and absence of the key as to render pickrmore diicult as aforesaid.

herein known as the center pin but which is not necessarily a center pin, to another important purpose, namely to compel the removal of the key from the lock before the ignition circuit can be broken.

Seventh, to utilize the foregoing pin as a dog, so to speak, on the lock bolt, holding said bolt in the unlocked position awaiting the removal or" the key so that the ignition circuit can be broken simultaneously with locking the steering as fully brought out below.

Eighth, to provide the plug of any known cylinder lock with an adapter which serves in capacity of a mount mainly for the foregoing onf-center pin, said adapter having a hole through which the center pin is projectable upon longitudinal manipulation of the key.

nth, to devote the foregoing pin, which is` Figure 1 is a partial sectional and elevational view of the improved lock.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the lock.

Figure Sis a horizontal section taken on the 5 line 3-3 of Figure l, parts being in elevation.

Figure 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a detail section of the so-called stall or trafc switch, taken on the line 5 5 of l0 Figure l.

Figure 6 is a diagram showing the locking bolt in the locked position.

Figure 7 is a diagram showing the locking bolt in the unlocked position.

Figure 8 is a detail cross section of the locking bolt shell alone as though taken on the line 8 8 of Figure 7.

Figure 9 is an elevation of the adapter on the inner end of the turnable key plug.

Figui-e l0 is a detail sectional View especially of the adapter, taken on the line IU-Ill of Figure 9.

Figure ll is a diagram illustrating the use of a combination lock in lieu of a key-operated 25 ook.

Figure l2 is a detail sectional view of the lock cylinder, particularly illustrating the formation in its plug for projecting (and retracting) its contained extension. 30

In carrying out the invention provision is made of a lock casing, generally denoted I, which comprises a hub 2 to receive the tubing 3 of the steering post 4, a bolt cylinder 5; a lock cylinder 6, a coaxial switch cylinder I, and a bracket 8. This bracket is `securable by any desired means, for example by bolts and nuts 9 to a relativelyxed support In such as the instrument board of a motor vehicle.

The casing further includes a hollow boss I I, .upstanding from the bolt cylinder 5, said boss iixedly containing a plug I 2 (Fig. 4) in which the shaft I3 of a locking lever I 4 is turnable. The sole purpose of this lever is toy enable manual movement of the lock bolt, later described, into locking (Fig.'6) and unlocking (Fig. 7) positions with respect to the steering post 4. As far as the functions of the foregoing lever and bolt are concerned they could be made to serve just as well to lock and unlock a member other than a turnable steering post.

Additional appendages to the lock casing I comprise a non-circular boss I5 (Figs. 4 and 5) which is made hollow to provide a main ignition switch. contactor chamber I6 (Fig. 4).

This

chamber communicates with the bore I'I of the bolt cylinder 5 by means of a slot I8 (Fig. 4) which goes through the intervening Wall I9. A recess 20 also communicates with the bore ii (Fig. 4) so that the pin 2I (which may be a roller pin) on a crank 22 carried by the shaft I3 may have access to the locking bolt 23 in the bore I'I. It is the crank pin 2! which actually moves the locking bolt back and forth to its locking and unlocking positions by the manual operation of the locking lever I4 as already stated.

This locking bolt is what might be called a double affair. The numeral 23 is its general designation. It actually comprises a center plug 24 (Fig. 3) and a shell 25 in which the plug has slight movement if necessary. A flange 26 on the inner end of the plug 24 is o-rdinarily pressed against a shoulder 21, formed at the inner end of the shell bore, by a spring 28 which, at its ends, bears against the flange 26 and against a cross pin 29. In practice the steering post 4 has one or more openings (Fig. 6) for the center plug 24 to enter.

Should the locking bolt 23 be projected at a time when one of these openings is out of registration with the center plug the latter, striking Ya solid part of the steering post, would simply recede into the shell 25 until the steering post is turned enough one Way or the other to let the Vcenter plug into the nearest opening under tension of the spring 28.

The shell 25 of the locking bolt 23 has a recess 35 on the outside nearest the lock cylinder 6. In cross section this recess appears as shown in Figure 8. The opposite walls 3I of this recess, reading in the axial direction, comprise abutnients which are engageable by detent means consisting of an off-center pin 32 which is for the purpose of securing the locking bolt 23 in either of its two positions (Figs. 6 and 7). The recess 36 has a generally tapering shape in the upward direction (Figs. 6 and 8), due to its merging with the circular cross section of the shell 25. The resulting diminishing part 33 of the recessY provides a track on which the off-center pin rides during part of its turning movement to its two possible positions. `The recess 30 and off-center pin 32 are two independent parts `which collectively comprise detent means, a1-

though the pin 32 is herein distinguished by the latter term.

On thev opposite sides of the recess 3D, adjacently to the walls 3I and going through the vshell 25 are holes 34, 35 anking the recess 30.

The hole 34 is blank. The hole 35 contains a tumbler 36 whichy is instrumental in closing at least one circuit. In this instance two circuits are closed to wit, starter and primary ignition circuits. This tumbler is loose in the hole. It is not any longer than the shell 25 is thick. Its

Vinner end loosely contacts a stud 31 which is made integral with the insulating base 38 of the contactor ring 39 of a switch, in this case a combined starter motor and primary ignition switch.

This stud goes through a slot 40 in the wall ofA locking lever I4. The stud 3'I is not capable of 5 moving with the locking bolt. It moves only in its axial direction when pushed through the medium of the tumbler 36 or when returned by a spring 43. The plug 4I remains stationary, being held so by the stud 3T. This stud projects 10 :from an opening in a wall 44. The outer end of the plug 4I abuts a closure 45 in the exposed end of the bore I'I.

The lock cylinder 6 houses some known type of cylinder lock mechanism, the turnable plug of 15 which is generally designated 45 (Fig. 3). The position of this plug is designated by dotted lines in Figures 6 and 7 by the corresponding numeral 46. The plug is adapted to be turned within its cylinder 6 by a key 41 of any desired description. 2O Most of the details of the turnable plug are herein omitted, but such as are more or less directly concerned with an understanding of the invention are briefly described as follows:-

The plug contains a series of leaf tumblers 48 25 (Fig. 3). They are separated by spacers 49 which, in practice, include small shoulders between Which and corresponding parts on the leaf tumblers small springs press to keep said tumblers in a normally alined and projected po- 30 sition. Upon insertion of the key 4'I the key formation retracts said tumblers from their recessed position so that the plug can be turned in one direction or the other.

The plug 46 includes a reduction 55 which is an 35 integral part of the plug. Inside of this reduction is an extension 5l, only fragmentarily designated in Figures 3 and 10. 'I'he extension has a pair of diametrically alined prongs 52 which remain hidden in the reduction 50 as long as the 40 45 for example, a certain formation in the plug 45- 46 (with which the invention is not concerned) projects the extension 5I so that its right end comes substantially flush with the right end of the reduction 50, and its prongs 52 out of the reduction 56 couple with the adapter presently de- 50 scribed. Said formation may consist of cam slots 88 (Fig. 12) which actuate the extension when the key plug is turned. The insertion of the key has an important bearing on the invention, and those parts of the invention affected by the 55 insertion of the key are described as follows:-

An adapter 53 (Fig. 3) is added to the plug 45. It is tted on the reduction 5I! which thus become a mount for the adapter. The adapter is loose on the reduction 50, and it is not until the prongs 52 are projected, as stated above, that the adapter will turn with the plug. For that purpose the adapter has a keyway 54 (Figs. 3, 9, l0). When the key is given its rst fractional turn (45 approximately) the prongs are projected 65 into the keyway whereupon the adapter turns with the plug for the ensuing The main purpose of this adapter is to provide a mountV for the off-center pin 32.

When this projection of the prongs occurs the 70 extension 5I may go a little beyond the reduction 50. To take care of that the adapter is counterbored at 55 to make room. The adapter has a center hole 56 and an off-center hole 51 (Fig. 9). The hole 56 goes all the way through into the 75 interior of the adapter, but the hole 5lk is closed at its inner end.

The oif-center'pin32 occupies the hole 51, but it is projected from the holebecause of the outward tension of a spring 59 behind it. Itis this spring which causes automatic `engagement of the foregoing detent means. The adjacent parts of the hole-5l and pin4 are shouldered so that the spring cannot drive the pin out of the hole. The pin 32 is herein known as the off-center pin because of its beingcarried by the off-centerhole.

A much longer pinrGU (Fig. 3) occupies the axial center of the plug 46 and extends through the reduction 50 in registration with the center hole 56. This pin is herein known as the center pin. A spring 6I tends to keep the center pin retracted, and for that purpose said spring bears against a shoulder 62 (or its equivalent) on the center pin, and a bushing 63 (Fig. 10) in the reduction 50 in which the exposed end of the center pin is guided.

The normal tendency of the spring 59 (Fig. 3) is to project the olf-center pin 32. The normal tendency of the springy 6 I is to retract the center pin 66. Upon the foregoing insertion of the'key 4l the inner end of the centerpin 60 is engaged so that the pin is forced out of the centerhole 56 either into the hole 34 or hole 35 in the shell 25, depending on the position of the locking bolt 23. One or the other of these holes 34, 35 isalways in registration with the center hole 56 so that the center pin 6I! can be projected as just stated.

Now as regards the switch cylinder 'I1- This has a bore 64 (Fig. 3) in which an insulating plug 65 is tightly fitted, 'and in practice pinned so that it will not fall out. The previously mentioned wall 44 comprises the bottom of the bore 64. The plug 65 is inserted until it strikes said Wall. The plug is chambered at 66 to slidably receive the base 38. The spring 43 is stationed between this base and the plug 65, and when the base is shifted to the right its tumbler ring 39 engages a pair of contacts 61, 68 which comprise the starter motor and primary ignition circuit terminals. Wires S of the starter circuit and I of the primary ignition circuit are connected in common to these terminals so that the two circuits will be closed simultaneously. When the center pin 6i) is projected out of the center hole 56 into the hole 35 the tumbler 36 is pressed to the right.

(Fig. 3), shifting the stud 3`I and its base 38 to the right, thereby closing 'the starter motor and primary ignition circuits.

Back and forth movements of the locking bolt 23 control the main ignition circuit in this way:- A contactor 69 (Fig. 4) is carried bythe shell 25 by means of a suitable connection 'I0 which passes through the slot I8 from the shell to the contactor. The contactor travels on an insulating plate 'II (Fig. 4) which carries the ignition terminals I2 to which the main ignition circuit wires M are connected, and at the same time provides a bottom closure for the chamber I6 by which the contactor 69 is contained.

A stall or traiiic switch, generally designated 13, is intended to be used for closing the starter motor circuit in the event of the engine stalling. In this respect it supplements the foregoing function of the center pin 66 in originally closing the starter motor circuit. The stall switch also has an additional safety function in that it prevents turning of the `locking lever I4 for the purposeof y moving the locking bolt 23 to the locking position i from the unlocked position (Fig. 7) While the stall switch is closed for the purpose of starting the starter motor. The stall switch is so arranged that it cannot be operated to close the starter motor circuit while the car is locked.

All this will be clear from the following descriptionz- An insulating sleeve I4 (Fig. 5) is tightly driven into a bore 'I5 which communicates with one side of the contactor chamber I6. Enough of the sleeve pro-jects from the boss I5 with a suiliciently large head to provide a mounting for a thimble 76. This thimble provides a guide for 10 a stem 'II, the outer end of it having a button 'I8 which is adapted to be pressed upon so as to move the stem inwardly against the tension of a spring 19.

An insulating shoulder 86 on the stern rides l5 thebore of the sleeve 'I4 and provides additional guidance for the stem. At one side of this shoulder there is a contact point 8I which is adapted to engage a pair of auxiliary starter motor circuit terminals 82, 83 (Fig. l). The stem I'I projects i() beyond the contact point 8! as at 84. The position of the stall switch I3 with respect to the contactor 69 is indicated in Figure 4 by a dotted circle which is correspondingly designated 13.

As long `as the bolt 23 is in the locking posi- 25 tion (Figs. 4 and 6) the contactor 59 will be in the path cf the projection 84 thus preventing pressing in on the button 'i3 and closing the starter motor circuit at this point while the vehicle is locked. Should the engine stall after i3 having been set in operation subsequently to unlocking the vehicle, the stem TI can be moved inwardly by pressing on the button F8 because then the contactor 'I9 will be in the ignition circuit-closing position, agreeing with the unlock- :l5 ed position of the bolt 23. An attempt to then turn the locking lever I4 so as to throw the bolt 23 into the locking position will be prevented because the projection 84 (Fig. 5) will have entered the chamber I6 (Fig. 4) in advance of the con- I; tactor 69.

The operation is readily understood:-Before describing this in detail it is desired to state that in specifying a key-operated cylinder lock of which the turnable plug 46 is a part, it is not 45 intended to limit the improved apparatus to such use. It is contemplated that a combination lock 65 (Fig. 1l) can be used in lieu of it, and when sucha lock is used it will be the arrival of one of the tumblers 35 at a given position that will 50 couple the adapter 53 on, and also the arrival of some other tumbler 31, or possibly some other part at a given position that will close the starter and primary ignition circuits S and I. Reading this on the reverse order, the parts mentioned 55 in the combination lock will have tobe restored to the original or starting position bef-ore the locking lever I4 can be turned to move the locking bolt` 23 to the locking position and the main ignition switch to the open position. 60

With such a lock mechanism in mind, and with the instant cylinder lock mechanism in mind, assume the vehicle to be locked. The locking bolt 23 is in the projected or locking position (Figs.

3 and 6). The center plug 24 is in engagement with the steering post 4 or some -other part to be locked. The off-center pin 32 occupies the recess 36. The walls 3i of the recess and the sides of the off-center pin are so abrupt that movement 70 of the locking bolt is not possible through the turning of the locking lever I4. Specically, as long as the pin 32 remains in the recess 35 while the bolt 23 is in the locking position (Fig. 6) the locking lever I4 cannot be turned counter-clockwise 75 (looking down on it) for the purpose of moving the bolt from said position.

Still considering the same position, the center hole 56 of the adapter 53 (Fig. 3) is in registration with the hole 35 of the locking bolt shell 25. These holes together with the tumbler 36 and stud 31 are all in line, but the center pin 60 is in the retracted position. The spring 6I presses it into that position as long as the key 41 is out of the plug 46. The key is not supposed to be in the plug 46 while the vehicle is locked, and in fact the spring 6l is intended to serve as an ejector, throwing the key out in the locked position.

Upon desiring to unlock the procedure is thus Insert the key 41 in the key passage of the plug 46. This key passage is not specically illustrated in the drawing, but the reader will understand that there is a key passage longitudinally of the plug as is common in cylinder locks. The displacement of the leaf tumblers 48 (Fig. 3) by the key formation is also incidental to the known lock, and it is by this displacement that it becomes possible to presently turn the plug 46, assuming that the proper key has been inserted.

While pushing in the key the point of the latter will strike the left end of the center pin 66 (Fig. 3), and as the inward movement of the key continues the center pin will be forced to the right against the tension of the spring 6 I, until the right end oi the center pin goes through the center hole 56 and sufficiently far out at the right of the adapter 53 to project into .the hole 35 deeply enough to strike the tumbler 36 and push both the tumbler, the stud 31 and the insulating base 38 ar enough to cause the contactor ring 39 to engage the contacts 61, 68 and simultaneously close the starter m-otor and primary ignition circuits. Therefore, the first act of the key, namely its simple insertion in the plug 46 (before any turning is done at all), is to displace the center pin 66, tumbler 36, stud 31 and switch member 38, 36 in the aXial direction to close the starter motor and primary ignition circuits.

It is necessary to push the key in all the way so that this circuit closure is accomplished. Now turn the key 41 clockwise 45, this direction being read as though looking at the key from the left (Fig. 1) which is from the drivers position. Said clockwise turn causes the extension 5l (Figs. 3, l() and 12) to move to the right within the reduction 56 until its prongs 52 enter the keyway 54 of Vthe adapter 53.

Before this the adapter was free, and had it been possible to get inside of the lock cylinder 6 the adapter could have been turned on the reduction 56. But after the key has been turned as just stated, the prongs 52 couple the plug 46 to the adapter 53 sothat subsequent turning of the plug by means of the key causes turning of the adapter also. The turn of the key is supposed to follow its complete insertion. The insertion of the key and the ensuing turn are virtually one operati-on. l

The 45 turn is only preliminary. Continue turning the key clockwise. The starting motor and primary ignition circuits remain closed during this turn of the key, the closure having begun when the key arrived at the in position. These circuits remain closed after the 180 turn as long as the key 41 is held pressed in.V The operator should now be in readiness to turn the locking lever counter-clockwise to close the main ignition circuit, and as soon as he lets up pressure on the key the locking lever can be turned, thereby reclosing the ignition circuit by means ofthe contactor 69 (Fig. 4), it being noted that the primary ignition circuit is momentarily opened, (together with the starter circuit) at the switch 39, 61, 68.

Understand that the key is held in at the 5 end of the 180 turnfuntil the engine has started. Before going on, consider what happened during the 180 turn of the key and consequently of the plug 46 and adapter 53. The oli-center pin 32 to the position in Figure 7. This pin does not have anything to do with moving the locking bolt 23 from the position in Figure 6 to the position in Figure 7 and vice versa. Its sole purpose is to secure the locking bolt in either of the two l5 shell 25 slopes away from under it due to the 25' circular cross section of the shell. But in the last part of the 180 turn the pin again encountered the shell, and as it traveled down over the high part to the nal position on the horizontal axial plane it was pressed into its ofi-cen- 30 ter hole 51 against the tension of the spring 59, until the point of the pin became substantially flush with the inner end of the adapter 53.

Now'resume the operation: Release pressure on the key. The spring 6I pushes the key part 35 way out, but not all the way because the key formation is so combined and interlocked with the leaf tumblers 46 as to prevent that. The same action of the spring removes the point of the center pin 6i) from the hole 35, and the 40 spring. 43 momentarily opens the starter and primary ignition circuits. The locking lever should immediately be turned counter-clockwise (arrow a, Fig. 2).

That shifts the locking bolt 23 from the lock- 45 ing position in Figure 6 to the unlocking position in Figure 7. The recess 30 is caused to catch up, so to speak with the ofi-center pin 32. This pin snaps into the recess by the pressure of the spring 59 behind it, in which position 50'.

it is shown in Figure 7, interlocking with the bolt and securing it in the unlocked position as brought out before. Should the operator not be quick enough in closing the main ignition circuit at 69, 12V (Fig. 55-

4) he will use the stall switch 13 (Fig. 5). The contactor 69 (Fig. 4) will be out of the Way of the projection 84 (Fig. 5), making it possible to close the auxiliary starter circuit between the terminals 82, 83 (Fig. 1) by the contact point 8|. 60V

The motor is supposed to be running and the steering post 4, or equivalent part, is in the unlocked position.

Go back to the counter-clockwise turn of the locking lever I4 (arrow a, Fig. 2). When the 65V was moved from the position in Figure 6 l0 from the recess 30 20V Consider what happens when desiring to lock up. An operation on the reverse order is carried out. Remember that the key 41 is still in the plug i6 of the lock mechanism but that it is part way out. Push the key in. This moves the center pin 65 (Fig. 3) to the right but this time into the hole 34. The spring 6| is put under tension. The main purpose of the hole 34 is to provide a place for the point of the pin to go into at this particular time. But as long as the pin is in the hole the locking bolt 23 cannot be moved. It, therefore, augments the offcenter pin 32 in holding the locking bolt 23 against premature movement to the locking position. But later on the center pin becomes the means which compels the removal of the key before the locking lever i4 can be turned to throw the bolt 23 into the locking position and at the same time open the main ignition circuit.

Turn the key 41 in the counter-clockwise direction During all the foregoing time the adapter 53 was not uncoupled from the plug 43, consequently the adapter will turn counterclockwise with the plug 45 as it originally turned clockwise with the plug. The off-center pin 32 is restored to the position in Figure 6, but the center pin 60 is still in the hole 34, now serving its chief purpose in holding the locking bolt irrespective of the off-center pin 32. The offcenter pin is now Aat a blank place against the rounded wall of the shell 25, awaiting the arrival of the recess 3D, but the center pin is performing its dogging function in holding the locking bolt in the unlocked position. Turn the key the remaining 45 in the counter-clockwise direction. This act uncouples the adapter from the plug by reason of drawing the prongs 52 back into the plug. Upon letting up pressure on the key the spring 3l causes its ejection from the plug should the operator happen to leave the key in the lock. The same act of the spring retracts the center pin 60 from the hole 34, freeing the locking bolt 23.

Now turn the locking lever I4 clockwise (arrow b, Fig. 2). The action of the crank pin against the other wall of the cross slot 2|a moves the locking bolt 23 to the locking position and at the same time opens the main ignition circuit so that the engine stops. The recess 30 catches up with the off-center pin 32 whereupon the spring 59 snaps the pin into the recess and secures the bolt in its locking position.

Going back to the clockwise turn of the locking lever I4, the resulting movement of the lock bolt 23 moved the contactor 69 (Fig. 4) to the main ignition circuit opening position. As long as the contacter 69 is in the ignition circuitclosing position, namely at the right end of the chamber I6, there is room for the projection 84 of the stall or trallic switch 13 to enter the chamber upon pressing on the button 18. After the contacter 69 has been moved to the circuit-opening position, the contacter blocks the path of the projection and the stall switch 13 cannot be worked.

The following is a convenient rsumer- The locking bolt 23 is to be considered as a whole. rIhe recess 30 is a part of it since it is formed in the shell 25. As far as the interengaging function of 3U and 32 is concerned, the pin 32 might be recessed in some way and the shell be provided with a projection in lieu of the recess 30. The means for operating the lock bolt is the manual locking lever 24. The means for moving or displacing the off-center pin 32 into either of its two positions comprises the key 41, the plug 46 and the adapter 53 together with internal parts.

The detent means, as concerns the locking bolt 23, broadly speaking comprises two parts one on the bolt and the other separate from the bolt. In this instance the part on the bolt is the recess 36 and the part separate from the bolt is they off -center pin 32. The spring 59 makes these parts engage automatically when registered.

The center pin 6D is the immediate means for compelling removal of the key 41 before the locking bolt or main ignition switch can be moved tothe locking and circuit-opening positions respectively. In this sense the center pin also comprises a detent, but the term is not used in con' nection with the-center pin for fear of confusion of the function of the olf-center pin 32. Notice that the key-actuated means, mainly cornprising the center pin 60, prongs 52 and adapter 53, are subject to a sequential operation in that said means first closes the switch (the starter and primary ignition switch) and then disconnects the detent means 30, 32 preparatory to closing the main ignition switch.

I claim:-

l. A lock comprising a lock bolt, manual operating` means for moving said bolt either into locking or unlocking position, and means preceding each movement of said bolt into a waiting position to detain saidbolt when the respective movementY is completed, and means independent of said manual operating means to then cause the previous means to interlock with the bolt to secure itin position against an immediate return movement by said manual operatingmeans when said bolt reaches either of `said positions.

2.. A lock comprising a, lock bolt, manual operating means so arranged that when it is manually shifted back and forth it will move said bolt back and Vforth either into locking or unlocking position, detent means to secure said bolt in each of said positions, means. to work the detent means before each shift of the manual means so as to place the detent means in a waiting position to secure said bolt when caught up with by said bolt and means independent of said manual operating means to then displace the detent means from its waiting position into securing engagement withV the bolt.

3..A lock comprising a lock bolt which includes a recess, operating means adapted to move said bolt either into locking or unlocking position, and detent means to occupy the recess in each of. said positions to detain said bolt against movement by the operating means as long as the detent means remains in the recess.

4. A lock comprising a lock bolt which includes a recess, operating means adapted to move said bolt either into locking or unlocking position, detent means to occupy the recess of each of the positions of said bolt, and means to displace the detent means from the recess into a waiting position preparatory to moving the bolt by said operating means at the end of which movement the recess is caught up with the detent means. to receive it again.

5. 4A lock comprising a lock bolt which includes a recess, operating means adapted to move said bolteither into locking or unlocking position,

detent means including a pin and a springto press the pin toward said bolt, said pin occupying the'recess in each of the positions of said bolt, and means to displace the detent means from the recess into either of two positions along the bolt preparatory to a movement of said bolt by the operating means, the pin then bearing against the outer surface of said bolt and holding the spring pressed in a waiting position for the recess.

6. A lock comprising a lock bolt, operating means adapted to moveV said bolt either into locking or unlocking position, detent means interconnecting with said bolt to hold it both before and after its lmovement by said operating means, and means for shifting the detent means between alternate positions in the interval between operations of the operating means.

7 A lock comprising a lock bolt, a locking lever ,and means both part of the lever and part of the bolt to move the bolt into locking or unlocking position as said lever is operated back and forth, detent means which consists of one part on the bolt and a second part separate from the bolt but engaging automatically to secure the bolt in either the locking or unlocking position, and keyactuated means for placing said separate second part into'either of two positions to agree with the two positions of said bolt.

8. A lock comprising a spring pressed pin, a key-operated turnable plug by which the pin is carried off-center making it an off-center pin, said p in being swung through the arc of a circle into either of two positions upon turning the plug, a locking bolt, and means to move the locking bolt into either of two positions, said bolt having a recess into which the pin snaps when the respective positions match, opposite walls of the recess forming abutments against which the pin is detained, said recess having a diminishing part providing a track which enables swinging the pin out of the recess.

9. A lock comprising a key-operated turnable lock plug, a locking bolt and means by which to move it into locking or unlocking position, detent means to secure said bolt in each of said positions, said means consisting of at least two parts, one on the bolt and one separate from the bolt, and an adapter by which one of said parts is mounted on the plug so that the turning of the plug can be utilized for placing said part in either of two positions to be caught up with by the other part on the bolt when the latter is moved.

10. In a lock including a turnable plug and at least one prong which is projectable from the plug during part of its turn, an off-center pin swingable between alternate positions by the turning of said plug, and an adapter carrying the pin, said adapter being loosely carried by the plug and having a keyway to receive the prong to transfer turning motion from the plug vto the adapter.

l1. A lock comprising a lock bolt having a recess on the outside, means to move the bolt into locking or unlocking position and Vso dispose the recess in either of two positions, a pin with a spring behind it to press it into the recess in either of its positions, a key-operated turnable lock plug for doing the turning said turning being utilized to swing the pin into either of two 'positions to match those of the recess, and an Vadapter carrying the pin and spring and being loosely carried by said plug but adapted to be coupled with said plug. e

l2. A lock comprising a lock bolt, interconnected detent means to s ecure the bolt in a locking position, a locking lever and means by which the bolt can be moved out of said position by operation of the lever, turnable means which is required to be worked rst to disconnect the 5 detent means before said lever can be operated, a primary circuit and means for closing it duringthe working of said turnable means, and a main circuit and means for closing it by the movement of the lock bolt following said operation of the 10 locking lever.

13. A lock comprising a lock bolt having a recess and a hole, a lock mechanism including a Y key-operated lock plug and a center pin in said plug in registration with the hole when the bolt l5 is in the unlocked position, an off-center pin carried by the plug occupying the recess and so detaining the bolt in said position, said pin being displaced from-the recess by a push of the key imparted to the center pinV thereby to move said 20.

pin into the hole and so dog the bolt.

14. A lock comprising a lock bolt having a recess and a hole, a lock plug and a center pin which is'axially movable during the manipulation of a key in said plug, said hole being in registration 25;

with the pin while the bolt is in the unlocked position and being occupied by an end of the pin when the key is pushed all the way in the plug, an off-center pin occupying the recess to prevent movement of the bolt but being displaceable 301 from the recess upon turning of the key while in its pushed in position, said pin being displaceable from the hole to free the bolt upon subsequent` manipulation of the key, and alocking lever having means for then moving the bolt to the lock- 35i ing position thereby advancing the recess to the displaced position of the off-center pin.

15. A lock comprising a lock bolt and a member which isl attached to said bolt to move with the bolt, a stud which has its axis crosswise of the 40 axis of the bolt, a. lock plug having a center pin which is pushed by the insertion of a key in said plug thereby to cause displacement of said stud, and a lever having means to move the lock bolt upon movement of the lever thereby to simulta- 45 neously move its attached member.

16. A lock comprising a key-operated turnable locking plug, combined locking bolt and ignition switch means, means manually operable independently of said plug to simultaneously 50A plug and therefore compelling the removal of 5.5

the key from the plug before said last means can be operated.

` 17. A lock comprising a lock mechanism adapted to be worked from an original lockedV position to an unlocked position and vice versa, a locking 60 bolt and an attached switch contactor, a locking lever and means between it and the bolt to move the bolt and its contactor to locking and circuit-opening positions, Vand means incorporated in the lock mechanism requiring restora- 6.5 tion of that mechanism to the original locked position before the locking lever can be operated.

` 18. A lock comprising a turnable plug into which a key is insertable for turning the plug, a locking bolt and means to move the locking bolt 10 to a locking position, and means displaced by the key into interconnection with the locking bolt by said insertion of the key to prevent move- 'ment of said bolt as long as the key is in the turnable plug. 7,5.

. 19. A lock comprising a turnable plug into which a key is insertable for turning the plug, a locking bolt and means to move the locking bolt to a locking position, means displaced by the key into interconnection with the locking bolt by said insertion of the key to prevent movement of said bolt as long as the key is in the turnable plug, and means for simultaneously severing the interconnection of said means with the locking bolt and ejecting the key from the turnable plug thereby enabling movement of the locking bolt to the locking position.

20. A lock comprising a locking bolt and an attached main ignition circuit contacter, a combined starter and primary ignition circuit switch, detent means holding the bolt in the locked position and its contacter in the circuit-opening position, key-actuated means for sequentially closing said switch, disconnecting the detent means so as to free the bolt and then again opening said switch, and means for moving the bolt to the unlocked position and its attached contactor to the main ignition circuit-closing position.

2l. A lock comprising a locking bolt and an ignition switch combined therewith, an ignition circuit which is closed by said switch to keep an associated motor running while said bolt is in an unlocked position with respect to a steering post, means under control of a key to secure the bolt in said unlocked position, said means being subject to operation by the key to release the bolt whereupon the key is removable from its working position, and a locking lever by which the locking bolt and the switch are coincidentally shifted to a locking position and to a circuitbreaking position respectively thereby stopping the motor simultaneously with locking the steering post.

22. A lock comprising a locking bolt and an ignition switch combined therewith, an ignition circuit which is closed by said switch to keep an associated motor running while said bolt is in an unlocked position with respect to a steering post, means under control of a key to secure the bolt in said unlocked position, said means being subject to operation by the key to release the bolt whereupon the key is removable from its working position, a locking lever by which the locking bolt and the switch are coincidentally shifted to a locking position and to a circuit-breaking position respectively thereby stopping the motor simultaneously with locking the steering post, and means tending to eject the key from said working position so that the key will not stay in said working position unless held, as long as the locking lever and bolt are in the locking position.

VICTOR L. GILPIN. 

